Brick-kiln.



No. 660,880 Patented oc'tisfo, 19,00.

E. ABEH. v BRICK KILN.

' {Application filed Apr. 20, 19.00.) -(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet l.

' I INVENTOH A770HNEYS THE NORRIS PiTERS c0. PHOTQLAYHQ. WASHINGTON, n.c.

No. 660,880. Patanted Oct. 30, I900.

E. ABER, BRICK KILNJ (Applicatiog flied. Apr. 20, 1900.) (No Model.) I v5 Sheets-Sheet 2. Q

Il----I w u I WITNESS S IN VE N T01? NORRIS PEIERS cp, PHOTO-LUNG"WASHINGTON, u. try

' No. 660,880. Patented Oct. 30, 1.900.

E. ABER.

BRICK KILN.

(Application filed Apr. 20, 1900.)

(N Mod 5 sheetssheet 3.

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E. ABER.

BRlfiK KILN.

(Application filgd Apr. 20, 1900.)

W/TNESSES Patented o ti 30,1900."

'5 Sheets-Shoat 5.

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" -A OHNEYS UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFICE.

EDGAR ABER, OF JACKSONVILLE, TEXAS.

BRICK-KILN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of l 'ietterslPatent No. 660,880, datedOctober 30, 1900.

Application filed April'20, 1900- To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDGAR ABER, a citizen of the United States, and aresident of Jacksonville, in the county of Cherokee and State of Texas,have invented new and useful Improvements in Brick-Kilns, of which thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description. My invention relatesto brick-kilns, and has for its o bjects'to provide means for burningbricksin a much shorter time and more effectively than is possible withusual construcs tions, and, further, to protect the kiln-walls againstthe injurious effects of heat.

To these ends my invention consists of'cer tain features ofconstruction'and'arrangement of parts, as will be fully describedhereinafter and particularly pointed out in't-he claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification,

in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 2.

in which similar characters of i'eferenceindicate corresponding parts inall the figures.

Figure 1 is a front elevation of a kiln embodying my invention, the viewbeing taken Fig. 2 is a plan thereof. Fig. 3 is a sectional plan on line3 3 of Fig. 1. Figs. 4 and 5 are cross sectional elevations on lines 4 4and 5 5, respectively, of Fig. 1; and Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectionalelevation on line 6 Got Fig. 3.

The improved kiln comprises a suitable casing consisting of a front wallA. a rear wall B, and side walls C, which may all be constructed ofcommon bricks, no fire-brick being required in my kiln. The wallspreferably have upright ribs'or pilasters D, upon which are appliedposts E, fastened to the walls by bolts F and extending upward beyondthe top of the furnace. The projecting upper ends of the posts E areconnected by truss-rods G, passing through them loosely and havingcoiled springs H interposed be tween the posts and the outer ends of thetruss-rods. This construction allows for an expansion and contraction ofthe kiln walls. To the lower ends of the posts on the front wall A aresecured by bolts F plates I, which extend downwardly over said wall inline with the partitions A, which form the firechambers J and ash-pitsJ' of the kiln.

X X indicate the ground-line of the kiln.

K designates the grates, which may be of any suitable construction.

arches L.

Serial No. 13,607. (No model.)

The gases from the fire-chambers J pass into the central space of thekiln (between the four walls thereof) through throats or Into thiscentral space I place the green or unburned brickin the followingmanner: First I line the walls A B C of the kiln with vertical layers ofbrick M, so that the heat can not reach the kiln-walls directly,

thus protecting the latter. Then I place upon the floor or ground acourse of bricks N, running from front to rear and spaced from eachother transversely, as shown at N. At intervals I leave spaces 0 to formeyes or cha nnels running from the front wall A toward the rear wall Band communicating at their rear ends with a chamberor channel P, ex-"tending upwardly the whole length of the rear Wall E, or, rather, of thelining M ofsaid:

wall. 'Ihe'upper end ofthis channel maybe closed bya suitable cap Q,Fig. Upon the course of bricks N, I lay another course R, the

bricks of this course abutting against each i other from one side of thekiln'to the other,

but being spaced from each other'frorn front to rear,- as shown at R. Itwill thusbe seen I that the bricks of the course N are spaced tov formchannels N, extending at a right angle to the channels R, formed betweenthe bricks R.' The latter of course are omitted where the eyes 0 passfrom front to rear, as shown -"in Fig. 3. vAbove said eyes I place greenbricks in alternate layers N and R,.and on top of these I place a layerof bricks without interstices, preferablyin two superposed courses S,with broken joints, which layer extends from the liningof the front wallA to a point within a distance from the rear channel P. At the rear endof the solid or imperforate layer S, I place an uptakeT, and in the rearof said uptake the brickwork consists of alternate coursesN and R within: terstices, as above described. At the front end of the solid orimpert'orate layer S is lo cated another uptake T and between the twouptakes the brickwork consists of open courses R, of the characterdescribed, alternating with solid courses S Ontop, between the rearchannel P and the front uptake T, I place another solid. layer of brickS In operation, the green brick having been stacked within the kiln, asdescribed, thecap or plate Q is first removed, and the heat passing fromthe fire chambers J through the throats L will reach the eyes and frbnlthence travel to the upward channel P at the rear, and will also passthrough the interstices N and R in the courses of bricks N and R,passing out finally through the upper ends of the rear channel P and ofthe front uptake T. The heat will first drive out the moisture orwater-smoke the bricks, as it is termed in the art. When this has beenaccomplished and the burning of the bricks is to be completed, the cap Qwill be put on top of the structure to close the upper end of the rearchannel P, and all the heat will then be compelled to travel asindicated in Fig. L-that is, it will pass through the interstices N andR of the upper courses (above the level of the solid layer S) to therear uptake T, and from the latter through the interstices R. to thefront uptake T, whence it will escape to the chimney.

' It will be observed that with the above-described construction thekiln proper is extremely simple and requires no flues or channels beyondthe throats or arches L. All the other channels for distributing theheat are formed by the green bricks themselves. The heat is uniformlydistributed throughout the entire body to be burned, and as a result theoperation is conducted expeditiously and effectively. The linings Mprotect the kilnwalls against the injurious effect of excessive heat.The cap Q, as described, permits of changing the path of theheatedgases, so that they will first thoroughly dry the green bricks andthen burn them. The entire construction is strong, simple, inexpensive,and very efficient.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent- 1. Akiln having inclosing walls, a filling or chargeof green bricks located between said walls and consisting of superposedlayers or courses having circulating-channels, the channels of adjacentlayers extending at an angle to eachother, eyes extending in the lowerportion of the filling from front to rear, a channel ext-ending upwardlyat the rear wall of the filling and communicating with said 'eyes, asolid or imperforate layer of bricks located in the upper part of thekiln and extending from the front wall thereof to Within a distance fromthe rear wall, and up takes rising from the front and rear ends of saidsolid layer.

2. A kiln having iuclosing walls, a filling or charge of green brickslocated .between said walls and consisting of superposed layers orcourses having circulating-channels, the channels of adjacent layersextending at an angle to each other, eyes extending in the lower portionof the filling from front to rear, a channel extending upwardly at therear wall of the filling and communicating with said eyes, a solid orimperforate layer of bricks located in the upper part of the kiln andextending from the front wall thereof to within adistance from the rearwall, the filling above said solid layer consisting of alternatingppenand imperforate layers, uptakes rising from the front and rear ends ofsaid solid. layer, and an imperforate top layer extending from the frontuptake to the upper rear channel.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses. H

, EDGAR ABER.

Witnesses:

M. L; EARLE, G. O. CHAPMAN.

